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The first pain
Even before birth, buds take place in the gums. These sketches of teeth will gradually calcify. In general, the first incisor of the baby emerged during the first sixth month. However, it may break from the fifth month or wait up to one year.
The possible early or late have nothing to do with the overall growth of the child. It may even happen - it is exceptional - that, at birth, the baby wears one or two small teeth.
The eight central and lateral incisors pierce between the 6th and 12th months.
Four first molars follow between the 12th and 18th months.
Then add four canines from 18 to 24 months.
The last four molars complete the package between 24 and 30 months.
In total, the first dentition has twenty teeth while the total number of permanent teeth totaled thirty-two.
The pain pierced his teeth
In most cases, this is for him the first meeting with the pain. As the child does not yet speak, it is impossible to quantify suffering. His spontaneous and involuntary cries, however, suggest the intensity. Sometimes the pain is limited to transient irritation of the gum.
The teeth differ from permanent teeth because the enamel of primary teeth is thinner. The thinness of the enamel layer thus makes the teeth of young children more susceptible to tooth decay. The danger increases if the child does not know the proper technique of brushing and / or regular use is neglected.
The first dental visit
We must have our baby to the dentist as soon as possible. Unless an emergency, a first visit at the age of 18 months seems reasonable. Essential in terms of health, the meeting is of equal importance for its psychological effect. This means that the choice of dentist is essential. If all practitioners are competent in principle, some are more likely than others to establish a rapport with young patients. They know that at first contact, the child will be observed as much part as the new face. Also, the dentist used to the small endeavor to provide a pleasing appearance to the place of exercise.
As the first contact will be accompanied by any intervention, the child will become familiar with the dentist as the frame. Future visits and will be de-dramatized. During his initial examination, the dentist will not be limited to assessing the state of dentition. He will observe hands. The presence of a callus on a finger will point out a sucking habit. The nail-biting shows a trend of anxiety. A questionnaire on eating habits will measure the risk of caries. Your dentist will also establish an assessment to identify the fluoride preventive strategy to apply. Then, in agreement with the parents, we will schedule the frequency of sessions to come.
Brushing teeth: a protection against cavities
To start brushing your baby's first step is to clean baby's gums with gauze. After the outbreak of the first incisor, you are equipped with a small brush, where you can put a little toothpaste without fluoride.
From 3 to 4 years, you put a trace on the brush dough with low fluoride concentration. This session will precede the bed. Accompany it with hugs and laughter will facilitate the course.
Around 18 months, you will begin to teach him the game of brushing. The word "game" should be highlighted. Indeed, the child should not involve brushing a chore. We can rely on the instinct of imitation and show how they maneuver themselves. Then, during initial testing, it is better to let him in his own way. So what if his actions are a bit messy at first. The important thing is to establish the habit of brushing in the mind of the child.
Teething ideal
By the time the child should spend brushing, would be 3 minutes.
But how to proceed and careful brushing just as important as the duration?
Feel free to request a demonstration to the dentist.
How it's done
It is well known: the value does not expect the number of years. At the age of one year, it is recommended to brush your teeth with brushing ... especially with a simple method, developed for children of this age.
This is not a useless precaution because bacterial plaque develops from the teeth appear. Of course, this will look like a game, trying to imitate the child's parents.
Thus, the evening before bed and in front of a mirror, do their parents brushing standing behind the child. It is important to provide a small brush (format "baby") without toothpaste before he masters the rinsing. Then from 4 to 8 years, he is taught to brush all the teeth. Brushing is done on each side, one after the other: we take the brush under control. Horse placed on the teeth, the bristles of the brush are a back and forth. Two brushings per day are preferable: one in the morning and evening. This time, the brush size will be "child" and we will use a fluoride toothpaste.
Choosing a brush
The small size of the mouth prohibit child brush head too long or too wide. It should allow the exploration of every corner of the mouth. The brush head is equipped with hair, called strands, tapered and rounded. From the time when these principles are respected, give free rein to your imagination.
The handle can be colored and decorated with drawings. The brush takes the appearance of a toy encourages small to use it. A new generation of electric brushes even has a musical accompaniment. The duration of the melody is the time required for brushing.
How to approach and treat the thumb sucking?
The baby practice frequently thumb sucking, but better in the habit quickly. This habit can eventually lead to a distortion of the jaws and destabilize the position of the teeth.
At first, you can substitute one inch rubber nipple. It should keep it in a perfectly clean, which is often an obstacle course. Do not soak in any way with sugar, jam or honey!
Thumb Sucking
Almost constant sucking from a bottle of sweet liquid can cause demineralization of tooth enamel to promote tooth decay. When she succeeds and is sometimes extended to the edge of adolescence, thumb sucking causes considerable damage on the alignment of teeth. The jaws come out distorted. In children who persist in this tic, the discrepancy between the maxilla and mandible up to 10 millimeters. In a mouth where everything clicks into place with a precision clock, so this is a considerable space. Simply insert one or more fingers alone does not cause deformity. The responsibility lies with the pressure of the jaws, the tongue and lips. The results are easy to find. At the point where the thumb is sucked, the upper teeth - the canines often, sometimes incisive - are pushed outward. Conversely, the lower teeth incline backwards.
Experts do not associate this habit with no mental retardation. Instead, they detect a relative psychological immaturity. And the child tries to push the moment of entering the adult world. He moves back to the start of his own support. Curiously sucking tics occur less often in children who have experienced a prolonged breastfeeding.
"Baby bottle tooth decay"
This condition, due to the ignorance of some parents, reached the "big" baby or young children up to age 4 years. In this case, as he has far exceeded the age of weaning, it continues to give her bottles so-called comfort. These bottles of sweet liquid (water, milk, syrup) are intended to facilitate falling asleep at bedtime or to calm a fit of agitation. Serious error because the teeth are well soaked in a bath continuously acidifying sweet that will paralyze the action of saliva. The ways of demineralization and decay are then opened.
From 18 months, at the slightest alarm, it should make an early diagnosis. The nursing bottle syndrome manifested primarily by decay that attacks the smooth surfaces of the upper incisors. If use bottle sweet is not immediately stopped, the decay extends to canines and molars. The disease progresses quickly, as the teeth of protective enamel layer is much thinner than the permanent teeth.
However, this syndrome is horrible and should be avoided. The total removal of bottles, learning and practice increased chewing of solid foods are the safest preventive methods. We must not forget the inevitable tooth brushing.
Why treat baby teeth?
We must continue to care for baby teeth even if they are set to disappear, because there is an undeniable continuity between baby teeth and permanent teeth. If a tooth affected by untreated decay, the pulp will evolve towards destruction. This necrosis may in turn lead to an abscess. Therefore, the germ of the permanent tooth may also be involved.
Its building cells may be attacked in turn. At this point, the negative impact will the stain on the enamel to stop the growth of the tooth or damage to the crown or root.
But the impact of such negligence extend further.
The teeth are the outposts of the permanent teeth. Placed on the arches, they serve as their conductor rail. Thus, at the time of its release, one permanent molar is based on the posterior surface of the tooth that precedes it. Such a natural guide any savings diverted to push forward.
In addition it provides insurance against possible future malpositions, the upkeep of the milk teeth allows the child to chew better and therefore better digest. A partially edentulous mouth can cause defects in pronunciation when learning to read. And on a psychological level, it is important that no disgrace can come beauty hamper relationships between the child and his classmates or play
Decay, how does it work?
Bacteria, plaque, tooth decay: The Infernal circuit
The word "decay" cavities comes from the Latin meaning "rot." It refers to an infectious disease. It must be prevented by an oral hygiene serious or immediately treated if it is already declared. If such measures are not adopted, decay attacks the structures of the tooth. By digging a cavity, it evolves from the surface to the pulp. In the end, the dental nerve is reached. Having reached this stage, the tooth is doomed to total destruction.
The constant war of attrition that is delivered by the bacteria to the teeth suggests the site of a castle. The invading bacteria are divided into two main categories: lactobacilli and mutans streptococci. These appear to be the most virulent. However, they can not take action without ammunition. These are provided by their sugar content in food, which, during their transit in the mouth, are transformed. In other words, the bacteria convert some to cover their own energy needs and reject waste. But it also participates discarded on the offensive against the teeth. Some of its elements are the basis of plaque while others are converted into lactic acid which demineralize the teeth.
Thus, dental plaque serves as a base to attack bacteria. By the speed of its formation, it illustrates the importance of oral hygiene. An hour after brushing your teeth, a first layer of food waste pellets in saliva attaches to the enamel and gums. Successive waves, the bacteria will land on the deposit. As for the acid resulting from the glucolyse too, they help to attack the tissues of the tooth.
Side of the defense interposed saliva. One of its components, proline, has the property of being absorbed by the enamel surface. Thus, a protective shield is formed to resist the onslaught of acids. But if the dietary supply of sugar in excess, the balance of power is reversed. Defeated and overwhelmed by the number, the protective film even comes to work with the invader by promoting the adhesion of cariogenic bacteria.
Force-fed sugar to the best of their form, the bacteria secrete more acid. However, the tooth enamel consists of prisms fused to each other that weakened in contact with acid. The bottom of a furrow or two teeth in a place inaccessible to the brush, a tiny path is then drilled. At this early stage, no pain starts. Just can you feel sensitivity to cold and sweet.
Complication of tooth decay: Once the wall crossed the enamel, the invader scores at full speed. While the wall was hard enamel and bacteria are successful in a narrow hole to drill. But now they have to do than dentin months infinitely strong. Gradually, the cavity grows until the veil of enamel breaks down in turn. The tooth resembles a volcanic landscape. Everything is accelerating. The nerve is alive and toothache burst. It must be devitalized tooth as quickly as we can still save her. Rely on an alleviation of pain is misleading: the nerve is not cured, but simply mortified. The visit to the dentist is therefore urgently! An abscess or a cyst, could then occur, leading to infections in other parts of the body! Note that with the child care must be particularly strong because the thinness of the enamel of the teeth and low mineral make them more susceptible to attack.
Tooth decay is an infectious disease transmissible, and the most striking illustrations is the habit of some mothers who taste the first spoonful and dive back into the potty.
They simply forget that they just add their own bacteria that cause cavities.
All you need to know about calcium
Its role is essential at all levels: the balance of the blood, the nuclei of our cells, nerves, tendons also rely on him. It is also essential for the establishment and maintenance of our bones and our teeth. Of the 1000 to 1500 grams of calcium in our body (1.65% of total weight), 99% are located in the bones and teeth. It represents 36% of the mineral mass.
In order to control this balance, our need for calcium considerable. In children between 1 and 7 years, it is recommended to absorb 600 to 700 mg per day. At the age of puberty, the daily dose should be 1000 or 1200 mg.
Food and beverages must provide for this requirement.
Sources of calcium
There are many. At first glance, dairy products alone seem able to meet demand. A liter of milk provides 1200 mg of calcium. By combining a pint of milk with two yoghurt and a piece of cheese, also obtained the required amount of calcium. But it is better to draw in a varied diet because things are not so simple. Absorb calcium has value only if its proper assimilation allows the body to enjoy it. This seamless integration will be facilitated if the calcium-rich edible contains, among other minerals such as copper and silica and vitamins such as those of groups C and D. In this case, each of these components brings her to the building.
Among these preferred foods include parsley, Wakame seaweed, walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds and sesame seeds. Lettuce, onions, turnips and cabbage also offer interest. However, some vegetables require caution, as sorrel, broccoli, spinach and rhubarb contain oxalic acid. However, the "whitening", that is to say, by passing them in boiling water, it mitigates this disadvantage. Another opponent of the binding of calcium is phytic acid. However, it is present in legumes (lentils, beans, split peas). Since it would be a shame to deprive children of their protein and vitamin B9 which they are provided, one can eliminate the obstacle by soaking before cooking.
As for medical supplements of calcium, in the form of intravenous injections, they do not allow the determination of calcium. Apart from emergency situations such as cases of tetanus, it is best to use food intake.
Decay on the tooth
Risk factor for permanent teeth:
The occurrence of caries in children: it is due to "nursing bottle syndrome", a lack of oral hygiene or dietary errors, decay begins early to reach the upper incisors. It should be treated early, or it may extend to canines and molars.
Changing faster decay on a tooth on a permanent tooth. The disease progresses further inward it extends to the surface. Vigilance is especially necessary that the signal provided by the pain is often delayed. It comes as one of the walls of the affected tooth is already collapsing. The food premises will compress the gingival papilla, which in turn ignites.
Therefore, the pulpitis or toothache occurs. In young children, it is also short. The pain does not it generates an intensity equal to that of a crisis in a permanent tooth. This is not a reason to take the phenomenon seriously. The move towards complete destruction or necrosis of the pulp appears certain. An abscess may result. But the most dangerous consequence of this necrosis is a bit like a time bomb. This is the possible contamination of the germ of the underlying permanent tooth.
Observation, after brushing, stains on the teeth can alert parents to the appearance of any cavities.
The crowning of a tooth
According to their fragility and difficulty chewing of the child, the dentist may decide to perform a specific crown at this age. This treatment will eliminate the premature loss of baby tooth, loss that would have prevented chewing and good drive of the permanent tooth. But in general, only the molars are involved.
The extraction of a tooth
Given its structure, it is easier and less painful than that of a permanent tooth. The major obstacle is the fear beforehand that the child can feel.
If, previously, dental checks have established a relationship of sympathy between the dentist and the young patient, it is "vaccinated" against the fear of the unknown. Before the consultation, do not do too much. Telling your child that it does not hurt at all or it must lead to a large person could lead the student to think that it will "bleed". If your dentist is a regular infant dentistry, he will find the words and actions that reassure. Consider also the considerable progress made in achieving local anesthesia. Brushed on the mucous membranes, an anesthetic gel surface reduces the inconvenience of an injection, which in itself is becoming lighter.
New materials have been developed, called "composite", they are perfectly aesthetic. The disadvantage is on the side of lower seal, and a resistance lower than that of amalgam. Being constant improvement, composites are nevertheless the material of the future.
How to deal with an accident?
The child begins to walk, play and moves. In its scale, learning any new behavior is an adventure. Each discovery is likely to cause his teeth to endure an impact against a hard surface. Statistics show that children between 2 and 4 are often victims of trauma on the teeth.
In the case of a broken piece of tooth or total expulsion of the, course of action is different from that which is recommended for a similar accident involving a permanent tooth.
Indeed, it is never a reimplanted tooth. However, although the apparent damage is limited to oral bleeding and swelling of the lip, consult your dentist immediately. Indeed, at the time, some lesions are not visible. Do not immediately detect can cause complications. As a result of shock, a little tooth may be pushed into its socket. After a few days it will take a grayish color due to the coagulation of blood found inside.
The dentist will establish, through an X-ray, this change has hurt the germ of the permanent tooth. Given the wide variety of possible situations, he alone will determine the level of supervision and care. If only a fragment of a tooth has fallen, it could be reconstructed using a composite.
The brakes
Where does it and why does it sometimes cut?
There are two types of fibrous attachments located in the mouth. The brakes labial lip connecting the maxilla, while the lingual frenulum throws a bridge between the mobile tongue and lower jaw also known as the mandible. If the brakes are too large or labial are fixed to the gum up to the teeth, they evolve obliquely on each side of the brakes. Suddenly, a great distance will install them. By repositioning the attachment with a slight intervention, set up surrounding teeth will improve.
If the frenulum is too short, the language is attached to an excessively low. During growth, the lower jaw will grow in an exaggerated manner compared to the maxilla. Practiced from an early age, the section of the lingual frenulum to allow the language to recover normal mobility and jaws develop in harmony.
Food and oral health
We can even say that a balanced diet and careful oral hygiene are the two pillars of good dental health. This would set the decay as an infectious bacterial-origin dietético. This means that a poorly organized diet promotes the destructive action of bacteria in the dental community.
Proteins, lipids and carbohydrates are the three main groups of substances that enter our food. Proteins, energy source, found among others in the meat and fish, as lipids or fats (butter, vegetable oils), play no role in the development of caries. Proteins such as lipids do not lower the oral pH. That means they do not turn into acids that would demineralize tooth enamel.
Sugar: the good and the bad
However, carbohydrates are the main responsible for the birth of caries. These carbohydrates or sugars are nevertheless essential to our health. Some are friends of our teeth. Others are not at all too frequently.
The good are called monosaccharides and are slowly absorbed, such as those contained in the fresh fruit. There can be no question of children in the river because they are rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals. If any carbohydrate is, by definition, creator of decay, fructose and glucose - the carbohydrates in fruit - are only very weakly cariogenic. Consumption therefore offers more advantages than disadvantages.
However, within the family of carbohydrates, we find a worthy opponent: sucrose, sugar industry resulting from the cultivation of cane or beet sugar. Saccharide is a fast absorbing, totally devoid of vitamins and minerals. Just come into the mouth, it becomes a party to a highly corrosive acid enamel. The surplus will be consumed by bacteria. Boosted by this fuel, they will lay siege to the teeth and tissues.
The trouble is that our consumer society gives pride to the sugar industry. In addition to sugar as such, it is found in most soft drinks, sweets and pastries, but also in unexpected places. These range from breakfast cereals to certain meats and dishes. Consumption of these foods 'at risk', and certain medications (throat lozenges, syrups, dressings stomach) should be followed by tooth brushing.
Regulate sugar intake without feeling guilty
In food, it should operate smoothly. We must first know that in addition to the amount and nature of absorbed sugars, the frequency of administration plays an important role. Let us not forget that after a meal, a thorough brushing removes a lot of unwanted particles.
However, the absorption of sugars at any time of day as a snack in the mouth establishes a permanent acid bath. This environment created paralyzing the protective action of saliva.
However, one must take into account a fact: the taste for sweetness is innate. It is good to accustom the child to satisfy this desire with the wide variety of fruits.
Chewing gum with xylitol: a weapon against tooth decay
We must not deprive the child of sweets if consumption is moderate and regular dental hygiene.
Some goodies include a new natural sweetener, xylitol, which reduces the risk of caries. Unlike sucrose, this sugar is not used by bacteria to attack the teeth. We have another ally in the fight against tooth decay: it is the sugar-free chewing gum, in which sucrose is replaced by sweeteners such as xylitol.
This chewing gum, and free from any harm, operates small miracles. His chewing stimulates the salivary glands. The secretion of saliva is multiplied by three.
In its ordinary form, the liquid combat acidity and already has antibacterial properties. But the extra saliva from chewing gymnastics contains, in addition, more phosphates. This enriched saliva remineralize the teeth and protects enamel.
Another advantage is the use of chewing gum, accustoms the child to chew. It strengthens the jaws and accustomed to this practice important for his health. We must, indeed, keep in mind that the digestion of food begins in the mouth, the first stage of the digestive system. Moreover, without replacing teeth cleaning, gum becomes a spare tire when the child is not able to brush their teeth. As with all other chewing gums, it is best to consume with caution and moderation as they can cause stomach upset and temporomandibular joint
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